A person outdoors with hypothermia signs; what should be done?

• A. Move to warm place and begin gentle rewarming; call EMS
• B. Massage limbs vigorously
• C. Leave outside to warm on its own
• D. Give hot drinks immediately

Answer: (A)

When someone outdoors shows signs of hypothermia, the priority is to stop further heat loss and begin warming the body gradually while you arrange professional help. Move the person to a warm, sheltered place to reduce ongoing exposure to cold wind and wet conditions. Remove wet clothing and replace it with dry, warm layers and blankets to insulate and raise core temperature. Keep them supine if possible and focus warming on the body's center—wrap them in blankets and use warm, dry packs on the chest, neck, and groin rather than limbs. Avoid rubbing or massaging the extremities, and do not apply direct heat with hot water bottles or other devices to the skin, as this can cause burns or shock. Do not give hot drinks or alcohol immediately unless a medical professional advises it, but you should call emergency services right away so they can provide advanced warming and monitoring. Stay with the person, monitor their breathing, and be prepared to perform CPR if needed.